Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Single Wave Study
General Information
Title
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Project Number
234
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is being incorporated into medicine to improve patient care. This research aims to map the general populations’ view on the implementation of AI in medicine. Furthermore, different response scales (agree-disagree versus construct-specific scales) and their effect on data quality are experimentally tested. This research aims to answer questions that are relevant for survey practice, general medicine, and the society as a whole.
Longitudinal Type
Single Wave Study
Begin date
06-04-2020
End date
28-04-2020
Topics
Researcher
Marieke Haan (University of Groningen); Yfke Ongena (University of Groningen)
Publisher
CentERdata
Copyright
© 2021 CentERdata
Funding Organization
ODISSEI
DOI
https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-zfc-smnw
Datasets and documentation
View Documentation
Codebook in English
Codebook in Dutch
Data Files
English SPSS file
English STATA file
Variables
| Variable name | Variable Label | Variable Type |
|---|---|---|
| nomem_encr | Number of the household member encrypted | preloaded |
| qv20a_m | Year and month of the field work period | constructed |
| qv20a001 | Mobile layout | constructed |
| qv20a002 | Which group was the respondent randomly assigned to? | constructed |
| qv20a003 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks a bad idea | directly measured |
| qv20a004 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks safe | directly measured |
| qv20a005 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks useful | directly measured |
| qv20a006 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks nifty | directly measured |
| qv20a007 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks very alarming | directly measured |
| qv20a008 | Artificial intelligence makes doctors lazy | directly measured |
| qv20a009 | Humans have a better overview than computers on what happens in my body | directly measured |
| qv20a010 | A computer can never compete against the experience of a specialized doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a011 | I think replacement of doctors by artificial intelligence will happen in the far future | directly measured |
| qv20a012 | Even when computers are used to perform tasks of doctors, humans always remain responsible | directly measured |
| qv20a013 | I would never blindly trust a computer | directly measured |
| qv20a014 | Artificial intelligence may prevent errors | directly measured |
| qv20a015 | Artificial intelligence in medicine will reduce waiting times in healthcare | directly measured |
| qv20a016 | Artificial intelligence should be used to check human judgement | directly measured |
| qv20a017 | Because of the use of artificial intelligence, fewer doctors are required | directly measured |
| qv20a018 | When artificial intelligence is used, my personal data may fall into the wrong hands | directly measured |
| qv20a019 | As a patient I want to be treated as a person, not as a number | directly measured |
| qv20a020 | I find it worrisome that a computer does not take human feelings into account | directly measured |
| qv20a021 | When a computer can predict that I will get a disease in the future I want to know that no matter what | directly measured |
| qv20a022 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks a bad idea | directly measured |
| qv20a023 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks safe | directly measured |
| qv20a024 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks useful | directly measured |
| qv20a025 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks nifty | directly measured |
| qv20a026 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks very alarming | directly measured |
| qv20a027 | Artificial intelligence makes doctors lazy | directly measured |
| qv20a028 | Humans have a better overview than computers on what happens in my body | directly measured |
| qv20a029 | A computer can never compete against the experience of a specialized doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a030 | I think replacement of doctors by artificial intelligence will happen in the far future | directly measured |
| qv20a031 | Even when computers are used to perform tasks of doctors, humans always remain responsible | directly measured |
| qv20a032 | I would never blindly trust a computer | directly measured |
| qv20a033 | Artificial intelligence may prevent errors | directly measured |
| qv20a034 | Artificial intelligence in medicine will reduce waiting times in healthcare | directly measured |
| qv20a035 | Artificial intelligence should be used to check human judgement | directly measured |
| qv20a036 | Because of the use of artificial intelligence, fewer doctors are required | directly measured |
| qv20a037 | When artificial intelligence is used, my personal data may fall into the wrong hands | directly measured |
| qv20a038 | As a patient I want to be treated as a person, not as a number | directly measured |
| qv20a039 | I find it worrisome that a computer does not take human feelings into account | directly measured |
| qv20a040 | When a computer can predict that I will get a disease in the future I want to know that no matter what | directly measured |
| qv20a041 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a042 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a043 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a044 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a045 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a046 | Artificial intelligence makes doctors… | directly measured |
| qv20a047 | Humans have … overview compared to computers on what happens in my body | directly measured |
| qv20a048 | A computer can … compete against the experience of a specialized doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a049 | I think replacement of doctors by artificial intelligence will happen… | directly measured |
| qv20a050 | Even when computers are used to perform tasks of doctors, humans… | directly measured |
| qv20a051 | I would … blindly trust a computer | directly measured |
| qv20a052 | With artificial intelligence, erros can be prevented… | directly measured |
| qv20a053 | Artificial intelligence in medicine will … waiting times in healthcare | directly measured |
| qv20a054 | Artificial intelligence should … be used to check human judgement | directly measured |
| qv20a055 | Because of the use of artificial intelligence, … | directly measured |
| qv20a056 | By using artificial intelligence, the chance of my personal data falling into the wrong hands is… | directly measured |
| qv20a057 | As a patient I find it … to be treated as a person and not as a number | directly measured |
| qv20a058 | I find it … that a computer does not take human feelings into account | directly measured |
| qv20a059 | When a computer can predict that I will get a disease in the future, I … want to know | directly measured |
| qv20a060 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a061 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a062 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a063 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a064 | I find using computers to perform medical tasks… | directly measured |
| qv20a065 | Artificial intelligence makes doctors… | directly measured |
| qv20a066 | Humans have … overview compared to computers on what happens in my body | directly measured |
| qv20a067 | A computer can … compete against the experience of a specialized doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a068 | I think replacement of doctors by artificial intelligence will happen... | directly measured |
| qv20a069 | Even when computers are used to perform tasks of doctors, humans… | directly measured |
| qv20a070 | I would … blindly trust a computer | directly measured |
| qv20a071 | With artificial intelligence, erros can be prevented… | directly measured |
| qv20a072 | Artificial intelligence in medicine will … waiting times in healthcare | directly measured |
| qv20a073 | Artificial intelligence should … be used to check human judgement | directly measured |
| qv20a074 | Because of the use of artificial intelligence, … | directly measured |
| qv20a075 | By using artificial intelligence, the chance of my personal data falling into the wrong hands is… | directly measured |
| qv20a076 | As a patient I find it … to be treated as a person and not as a number | directly measured |
| qv20a077 | I find it … that a computer does not take human feelings into account | directly measured |
| qv20a078 | When a computer can predict that I will get a disease in the future, I … want to know | directly measured |
| qv20a079 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can replace doctors in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a080 | Even if computers are better in evaluating scans, I still prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a081 | I think radiology is not ready for implementing artificial intelligence in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a082 | It worries me when computers analyze scans without interference of humans | directly measured |
| qv20a083 | The sooner I get the results, even when this is from a computer, the more I am at ease | directly measured |
| qv20a084 | Through human experience a radiologist can detect more than the computer | directly measured |
| qv20a085 | It is unclear to me how computers will be used in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a086 | When discussing the results of a scan, talking to a human being is very important | directly measured |
| qv20a087 | When a computer gives the result of a scan, I would miss the human explanation | directly measured |
| qv20a088 | Getting the results of a scan involves personal contact | directly measured |
| qv20a089 | I find it important to be able to ask questions when getting the result of a scan | directly measured |
| qv20a090 | If a computer would give the results of a scan, I would not feel emotional support | directly measured |
| qv20a091 | I wonder how it is possible that a computer can give me the results of a scan | directly measured |
| qv20a092 | A computer should only look at body parts that were selected by my doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a093 | If it does not matter in costs, a computer should always make a full body scan instead of looking at specific body parts | directly measured |
| qv20a094 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can replace doctors in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a095 | Even if computers are better in evaluating scans, I still prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a096 | I think radiology is not ready for implementing artificial intelligence in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a097 | It worries me when computers analyze scans without interference of humans | directly measured |
| qv20a098 | The sooner I get the results, even when this is from a computer, the more I am at ease | directly measured |
| qv20a099 | Through human experience a radiologist can detect more than the computer | directly measured |
| qv20a100 | It is unclear to me how computers will be used in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a101 | When discussing the results of a scan, talking to a human being is very important | directly measured |
| qv20a102 | When a computer gives the result of a scan, I would miss the human explanation | directly measured |
| qv20a103 | Getting the results of a scan involves personal contact | directly measured |
| qv20a104 | I find it important to be able to ask questions when getting the result of a scan | directly measured |
| qv20a105 | If a computer would give the results of a scan, I would not feel emotional support | directly measured |
| qv20a106 | I wonder how it is possible that a computer can give me the results of a scan | directly measured |
| qv20a107 | A computer should only look at body parts that were selected by my doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a108 | If it does not matter in costs, a computer should always make a full body scan instead of looking at specific body parts | directly measured |
| qv20a109 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can … doctors in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a110 | Even if computers are better in evaluating scans, I still … prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a111 | I think radiology … for implementing artificial intelligence in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a112 | When computers analyze scans without interference of humans, I find that… | directly measured |
| qv20a113 | Getting the results quickly, even when this is from a computer, … | directly measured |
| qv20a114 | Through human experience a radiologist can … a scan than a computer | directly measured |
| qv20a115 | It is … to me how computers will be used in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a116 | When discussing the results of a scan, talking to a human being is… | directly measured |
| qv20a117 | When a computer gives the result of a scan, I would … the human explanation | directly measured |
| qv20a118 | Getting the results of a scan should … involve personal contact | directly measured |
| qv20a119 | I find it … to be able to ask questions when getting the result of a scan | directly measured |
| qv20a120 | If a computer would give the results of a scan, I would… | directly measured |
| qv20a121 | I … how it is possible that a computer can give me the results of a scan | directly measured |
| qv20a122 | Of the body parts selected by a treating doctor, a computer should look at… | directly measured |
| qv20a123 | If it does not matter in costs, a computer should … make a full body scan instead of looking at specific body parts | directly measured |
| qv20a124 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can … doctors in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a125 | Even if computers are better in evaluating scans, I still … prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a126 | I think radiology … for implementing artificial intelligence in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a127 | When computers analyze scans without interference of humans, I find that… | directly measured |
| qv20a128 | Getting the results quickly, even when this is from a computer, … | directly measured |
| qv20a129 | Through human experience a radiologist can … a scan than a computer | directly measured |
| qv20a130 | It is … to me how computers will be used in evaluating scans | directly measured |
| qv20a131 | When discussing the results of a scan, talking to a human being is… | directly measured |
| qv20a132 | When a computer gives the result of a scan, I would … the human explanation | directly measured |
| qv20a133 | Getting the results of a scan should … involve personal contact | directly measured |
| qv20a134 | I find it … to be able to ask questions when getting the result of a scan | directly measured |
| qv20a135 | If a computer would give the results of a scan, I would… | directly measured |
| qv20a136 | I … how it is possible that a computer can give me the results of a scan | directly measured |
| qv20a137 | Of the body parts selected by a treating doctor, a computer should look at… | directly measured |
| qv20a138 | If it does not matter in costs, a computer should … make a full body scan instead of looking at specific body parts | directly measured |
| qv20a139 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can replace doctors in operating patients | directly measured |
| qv20a140 | Even if computers are better in operating patients, I still prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a141 | I think hospitals are not ready for implementing artificial intelligence in operating patients | directly measured |
| qv20a142 | It worries me when computers operate patients without interference of humans | directly measured |
| qv20a143 | Through human experience a surgeon can detect more than the computer | directly measured |
| qv20a144 | It is unclear to me how computers will be used in conducting operations | directly measured |
| qv20a145 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can replace doctors in operating patients | directly measured |
| qv20a146 | Even if computers are better in operating patients, I still prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a147 | I think hospitals are not ready for implementing artificial intelligence in operating patients | directly measured |
| qv20a148 | It worries me when computers operate patients without interference of humans | directly measured |
| qv20a149 | Through human experience a surgeon can detect more than the computer | directly measured |
| qv20a150 | It is unclear to me how computers will be used in conducting surgery | directly measured |
| qv20a151 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can … doctors in operating patients | directly measured |
| qv20a152 | Even if computers are better in operating patients, I still … prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a153 | I think hospitals are … for implementing artificial intelligence in operating patients | directly measured |
| qv20a154 | When computers operate patients without interference of humans, I find that… | directly measured |
| qv20a155 | Through human experience a surgeon can detect… | directly measured |
| qv20a156 | It is … to me how computers will be used in conducting surgery | directly measured |
| qv20a157 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can … doctors in operating patients | directly measured |
| qv20a158 | Even if computers are better in operating patients, I still … prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a159 | I think hospitals are … for implementing artificial intelligence in operating patients | directly measured |
| qv20a160 | When computers operate patients without interference of humans, I find that… | directly measured |
| qv20a161 | Through human experience a surgeon can detect… | directly measured |
| qv20a162 | It is … to me how computers will be used in conducting surgery | directly measured |
| qv20a163 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can replace doctors in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a164 | Even if computers are better in evaluating spots on the skin, I still prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a165 | I think dermatology is not ready for implementing artificial intelligence in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a166 | It worries me when computers analyse spots on the skin without interference of humans | directly measured |
| qv20a167 | The sooner I get the results, even when this is from a computer, the more I am at ease | directly measured |
| qv20a168 | Through human experience a dermatologist can detect more than the computer | directly measured |
| qv20a169 | It is unclear to me how computers will be used in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a170 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can replace doctors in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a171 | Even if computers are better in evaluating spots on the skin, I still prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a172 | I think dermatology is not ready for implementing artificial intelligence in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a173 | It worries me when computers analyse spots on the skin without interference of humans | directly measured |
| qv20a174 | The sooner I get the results, even when this is from a computer, the more I am at ease | directly measured |
| qv20a175 | Through human experience a dermatologist can detect more than the computer | directly measured |
| qv20a176 | It is unclear to me how computers will be used in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a177 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can … doctors in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a178 | Even if computers are better in evaluating spots on the skin, I still … prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a179 | I think dermatology is … for implementing artificial intelligence in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a180 | When computers analyse spots on the skin without interference of humans, I find that… | directly measured |
| qv20a181 | Getting the results quickly, even when this is from a computer, … | directly measured |
| qv20a182 | Through human experience a dermatologist can detect… | directly measured |
| qv20a183 | It is … to me how computers will be used in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a184 | As far as I am concerned, artificial intelligence can … doctors in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a185 | Even if computers are better in evaluating spots on the skin, I still … prefer a doctor | directly measured |
| qv20a186 | I think dermatology is … for implementing artificial intelligence in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a187 | When computers analyse spots on the skin without interference of humans, I find that… | directly measured |
| qv20a188 | Getting the results quickly, even when this is from a computer, … | directly measured |
| qv20a189 | Through human experience a dermatologist can detect… | directly measured |
| qv20a190 | It is … to me how computers will be used in evaluating spots on the skin | directly measured |
| qv20a191 | When a computer examines a mammogram I think it is necessary that a radiologist also takes a look at the study | directly measured |
| qv20a192 | The computer should decide for which mammograms it is required to have a radiologist as a second reader | directly measured |
| qv20a193 | Instead of a second radiologist, the computer should be used to check the first radiologist’s judgment of the mammography | directly measured |
| qv20a194 | When a computer gives the wrong result, the developer of the computer program is responsible | directly measured |
| qv20a195 | When a computer gives the wrong result, the radiologist is responsible | directly measured |
| qv20a196 | I'd rather do the same things than try new or different things | directly measured |
| qv20a197 | I like to experience new things and changes in my daily routine | directly measured |
| qv20a198 | I am always looking for new ideas and experiences | directly measured |
| qv20a199 | I always like different activities | directly measured |
| qv20a200 | When things start to get boring I like to seek out new and unfamiliar experiences | directly measured |
| qv20a201 | I'd rather have a routine way of life than an unpredictable life full of changes | directly measured |
| qv20a202 | When a computer examines a mammogram I think it is necessary that a radiologist also takes a look at the study | directly measured |
| qv20a203 | The computer should decide for which mammograms it is required to have a radiologist as a second reader | directly measured |
| qv20a204 | Instead of a second radiologist, the computer should be used to check the first radiologist’s judgment of the mammography | directly measured |
| qv20a205 | When a computer gives the wrong result, the developer of the computer program is responsible | directly measured |
| qv20a206 | When a computer gives the wrong result, the radiologist is responsible | directly measured |
| qv20a207 | I'd rather do the same things than try new or different things | directly measured |
| qv20a208 | I like to experience new things and changes in my daily routine | directly measured |
| qv20a209 | I am always looking for new ideas and experiences | directly measured |
| qv20a210 | I always like different activities | directly measured |
| qv20a211 | When things start to get boring I like to seek out new and unfamiliar experiences | directly measured |
| qv20a212 | I'd rather have a routine way of life than an unpredictable life full of changes | directly measured |
| qv20a213 | Was it difficult to answer the questions? | directly measured |
| qv20a214 | Were the questions sufficiently clear? | directly measured |
| qv20a215 | Did the questionnaire get you thinking about things? | directly measured |
| qv20a216 | Was it an interesting subject? | directly measured |
| qv20a217 | Did you enjoy answering the questions? | directly measured |
| qv20a218 | Starting date questionnaire | constructed |
| qv20a219 | Starting time questionnaire | constructed |
| qv20a220 | End date questionnaire | constructed |
| qv20a221 | End time questionnaire | constructed |
| qv20a222 | Duration in seconds | derived |
Questions
Questionnaire: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
The questionnaire was administered in Dutch
Browse Artificial Intelligence in MedicineResponse Information
Response Overview
Selected number of household members: 3,117 (100.0%)Non-response: 675 (21.7%)
Response: 2,442 (78.3%)
Complete: 2,411 (77.4%)
Incomplete: 31 (1.0%)
Collection Events
Period
06-04-2020 to 28-04-2020
Sample
A random subsample of panel members aged 16 years or older
Collection Mode
internet survey
Fieldwork Note
A reminder was sent twice to non-respondents
Publications
Artificial intelligence in screening mammography: A population survey of women’s preferences? Journal of the American College of Radiology, 18(1), 79-86
; Ongena, Y. P.,
et al.
Do people favor artificial intelligence over physicians? Value in Health, 25(3), 374-381; Yakar, D.,
et al.